Demographics of Vilnius

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Vilnius is the historic and present-day capital of Lithuania. Records of demographic measures go back to 1766, though the city itself has existed much longer. In recent days, the demographics have been heavily influenced by the war in neighboring Ukraine.

Demographics of Vilnius
Population pyramid of the Vilnius City in 2021
Population633,481 (2023)

Current Demographics[edit]

After the Russian invasion of Ukraine and an influx of Ukrainian refugees to Lithuania, who were granted a refugee status[1] the number of inhabitants of Vilnius rose to 636,209 as of February 2024 (according to the municipality of Vilnius). The number of inhabitants of Vilnius, born in Ukraine rose from 10 thousand to 29 thousand between 2021 and 2023. The number of persons born in Belarus rose from 25 thousand to 37 thousand during the same period mostly as a consequence of 2020–2021 Belarusian protests and intensified fleeing abroad of its citizens. Also, numbers of persons, who settle in Vilnius, coming from Central Asia, Caucasus, African, Asian (most notably - India) countries are on the rise.[2]

As of late 2023, 73 thousand foreigners lived in Vilnius, up from 38 thousand a year and a half earlier. In January 2022, there were also 5 000 foreign minors living in Vilnius, but the number had risen to 13 000 in January 2023.[3]

Before these dramatic changes, what led to the sharp rise of the number of inhabitants, the city of Vilnius as of early 2021 had a population between 569,729[4][5] (according to Statistics Lithuania) and 588,412[6] (according to the State Enterprise Centre of Registers). According to the municipality of Vilnius, the city had a population of 597,610[2] as of May 2022 – the figure includes Grigiškės, a formally separate town within the municipality of the capital, but without a separate body of a town government except that of a Vilnius city district (seniūnija). The actual number of city inhabitants could be higher as according to the Vilnius territorial health insurance fund, there were 732,815 permanent inhabitants as of January 2021 in Vilnius city and Vilnius district municipalities combined[7][note 1].

According to the predictions, made by the municipality specialists of the city planning department of Vilnius, the number of inhabitants of Vilnius in 2030 could be between 630,3 thousand (pessimistic scenario) and 685 thousand (optimistic scenario) with the basic scenario of 651,6 thousand inhabitants within the city borders.[9]

Evolution[edit]

Demographic evolution of Vilnius between 1766 and 2024:

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
176660,000—    
1796¹17,500−4.02%
180025,400+9.76%
181156,300+7.50%
1818²33,600−7.11%
182243,900+6.91%
183042,000−0.55%
183452,400+5.69%
183656,100+3.47%
183954,700−0.84%
184654,200−0.13%
185265,400+3.18%
186060,000−1.07%
187064,200+0.68%
187582,700+5.19%
1885102,900+2.21%
1897154,500+3.44%
1909205,200+2.39%
1911238,600+7.83%
1916140,800−10.01%
1919³128,500−3.00%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1923167,400+6.83%
1931195,100+1.93%
1939209,400+0.89%
1941⁴270,000+13.55%
1944⁵110,000−25.87%
1959236,100+5.22%
1970372,100+4.22%
1979481,000+2.89%
1985544,400+2.09%
1989576,700+1.45%
1990597,000+3.52%
1992644,600+3.91%
1995578,327−3.55%
1996571,164−1.24%
1997565,881−0.92%
1998562,353−0.62%
1999558,816−0.63%
2000554,281−0.81%
2001550,924−0.61%
2002550,213−0.13%
2003548,729−0.27%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2004546,773−0.36%
2005542,525−0.78%
2006541,732−0.15%
2007541,596−0.03%
2008542,969+0.25%
2009543,191+0.04%
2010536,127−1.30%
2011533,279−0.53%
2012537,152+0.73%
2013539,707+0.48%
2014542,626+0.54%
2015543,493+0.16%
2016545,280+0.33%
2017547,484+0.40%
2018552,131+0.85%
2019561,836+1.76%
2020569,729+1.40%
2021563,012−1.18%
2022576,195+2.34%
2023593,436+2.99%
2024602,430+1.52%
Source: [10][11]: 214, 303 [12][13] ¹ Sharp decline after the Vilnius uprising (1794); ² Decline of population due to Napoleonic wars and the aftermath; ³ Sharp decline of population of Vilnius because of World War I and the aftermath during the clashes around Vilnius. These resulted in evacuation of Russian military, bureaucracy and the majority of its Russian inhabitants from Vilnius in 1915, as well as fleeing or evacuation of other Vilnius inhabitants of various communities (mostly Jewish and Lithuanian) to Russia and rural parts of Lithuania;[14][15] ⁴ Rise of population due to influx of Polish and Jewish war refugees[16] and migration of Lithuanian bureaucracy, students from temporary capital Kaunas and other localities in Lithuania; ⁵ Sharp decline of population after atrocities of World War II and The Holocaust[17][18]

Vilnius inhabitants by ethnicity[edit]

Year Lithuanians Poles Russians Jews Others Total
1897[19] 3,131 2% 47,795 31% 30,967 20% 61,847 40% 10,792 7% 154,532
1916[20] Increase 3,669 2.6% Increase 70,629 50.1% Decrease 2,080 1.5% Decrease 61,265 43.5% Decrease 3,217 2.3% Decrease 140,840
1917[21] Decrease 2,909 2.1% Increase 74,466 53.65% Increase 2,212 1.6% Decrease 57,516 41.44% Decrease 1,872 0.77% Decrease 138,787
1919[20] Decrease 2,900 2.3% Decrease 72,067 56.1% Increase 4,049 3.2% Decrease 46,506 36.2% Increase 2,954 2.3% Decrease 128,476
1923[20] Decrease 1,445 0.9% Increase 100,830 60.2% Increase 4,669 2.8% Increase 56,168 33.5% Increase 4,342 2.6% Increase 167,454
1931[22] Increase 1,579 0.8% Increase 128,628 65.9% Increase 7,372 3.8% Decrease 54,596 28% Decrease 1,159 0.6% Increase 195,071
1941[23] Increase 52,370 28.1% Decrease 94,511 50.7% Decrease 6.712 3.6% Decrease 30,179 16.2% Increase 2,541 1.4% Decrease 186,313
1942[20] Decrease 29,480 20.5% Increase 103,203 71.9% Decrease 6,012 2% - - Decrease 1,220 0.4% Decrease 143,498
1951[20] Increase 55,300 30.8% Decrease 37,700 21% Increase 59,700 33.3% Decrease 5,500 3.1% Increase 21,100 11.8% Increase 179,300
1959[24] Increase 79,363 33.6% Increase 47,226 20% Increase 69,416 29.4% Increase 16,354 6.9% Increase 23,719 10% Increase 236,078
1970[20] Increase 159,156 42.8% Increase 68,261 18.6% Increase 91,004 24.5% Increase 16,491 4.4% Increase 37,188 10% Increase 372,100
1979[20] Increase 225,137 47.3% Increase 85,562 18% Increase 105,618 22.2% Decrease 10,723 2.3% Increase 48,785 10.3% Increase 475,825
1989[20] Increase 291,527 50.5% Increase 108,239 18.8% Increase 116,618 20.2% Decrease 9,109 1.6% Increase 51,524 8.9% Increase 576,747
2001[25] Increase 318,510 57.5% Decrease 104,446 18.9% Decrease 77,698 14.1% Decrease 2,770 0.5% Decrease 50,480 9.1% Decrease 553,904
2011[26] Increase 337,000 63.2% Decrease 88,380 16.5% Decrease 64,275 12% Decrease 2,026 0.4% Decrease 45,976 8.6% Decrease 535,631
2021[27] Increase 373,511 67.1% Decrease 85,438 15.4% Decrease 53,886 9.7% N/A Decrease 43,655 7.8% Increase 556,490
Vilnius inhabitants by ethnicity (results of the 2011 census)[28]
Number of inhabitants
Lithuanians 338,758
Poles 88,408
Russians 63,991
Belarusians 18,924
Ukrainians 5,338
Jews 2,026
Tatars 934
Roma 619
Armenians 435
Latvians 360
Germans 341
Other 2,065
Refused to answer 13,432
Total 535,631
Vilnius inhabitants by ethnicity (results of the 2021 census)
Number of inhabitants
Lithuanians 373,513
Poles 85,436
Russians 53,887
Belarusians 15,156
Ukrainians 4,687
Other 5,705
Refused to answer 18,112
Total 556,490

Vilnius inhabitants by the country of birth[edit]

Vilnius inhabitants by the country of birth (as of March 2023)[2]
Country of birth Number of inhabitants
European Union Lithuania 522,481
 Belarus 37,197
 Ukraine 29,336
 Russia 20,834
 Great Britain 2,330
 Kazakhstan 1,938
European Union Latvia 1,393
European Union Germany 1,089
 Uzbekistan 941
 Azerbaijan 931
 Kyrgyzstan 766
European Union Poland 757
 Georgia 688
 United States of America 683
 India 624
 Tajikistan 540
 Turkey 519
 Moldova 510
European Union Ireland 469
European Union Italy 388
 Norway 387
 Armenia 380
European Union Estonia 379
European Union  France 367
European Union Spain 253
 China 245
 Nigeria 216
European Union Belgium 209
European Union Denmark 207
 Turkmenistan 179
European Union Netherlands 179
 Syria 177
 Afghanistan 170
 Cameroon 151
European Union Sweden 147
 Pakistan 144
 Iran 139
 Egypt 125
 Israel 103
European Union Finland 96
European Union Hungary 88
 Canada 81
European Union Portugal 81
 Brazil 79
 Lebanon 78
  Switzerland 77
European Union Czech Republic 74
European Union Austria 70
 Thailand 69
 Vietnam 64
 United Arab Emirates 59
 Argentina 57
European Union Greece 56
 Mexico 56
 Australia 54
European Union Romania 49
European Union Bulgaria 47
European Union Cyprus 45
 Japan 44
 South Korea 37
 Serbia 36
 Colombia 35
 Iceland 35
 Morocco 35
 South Africa 35
European Union Slovakia 34
 Venezuela 32
 Iraq 30
   Nepal 30
European Union Luxembourg 28
 Indonesia 27
 Tunisia 25
 Saudi Arabia 24
 Bangladesh 22
 Ghana 22
 Mongolia 22
 Albania 20
 Algeria 20
 Eritrea 20
Other countries 421
Vilnius inhabitants by the country of birth (2021)[2]
Country of birth Number of inhabitants
European Union Lithuania 517,936
 Belarus 25,591
 Russia 18,731
 Ukraine 10,158
 Great Britain 2,239
 Kazakhstan 1,598
European Union Latvia 1,335
European Union Germany 954
European Union Poland 752
 United States of America 618
 Uzbekistan 578
 Azerbaijan 496
 Georgia 474
European Union Ireland 470
 India 408
 Moldova 384
European Union Italy 378
European Union Estonia 373
 Norway 364
European Union  France 341
 Turkey 329
 Armenia 316
 Kyrgyzstan 297
 China 283
European Union Spain 254
 Tajikistan 209
European Union Belgium 189
European Union Denmark 187
 Turkmenistan 153
European Union Netherlands 149
European Union Sweden 140
 Nigeria 122
 Iran 120
 Cameroon 114
 Syria 109
 Serbia 98
European Union Finland 97
 Egypt 91
 Israel 87
 Pakistan 79
 Vietnam 79
European Union Hungary 77
European Union Portugal 73
European Union Austria 70
 Canada 70
  Switzerland 67
European Union Czech Republic 67
 Brazil 64
 Afghanistan 51
 Lebanon 51
 Australia 50
 Thailand 49
European Union Greece 46
 Mexico 45
 Argentina 44
European Union Bulgaria 44
 United Arab Emirates 41
 Japan 40
 South Korea 36
European Union Cyprus 31
European Union Luxembourg 28
 Iceland 27
European Union Slovakia 27
 Colombia 26
European Union Romania 26
   Nepal 24
 Albania 23
 Iraq 23
 Morocco 22
Other countries 500

Elderships of Vilnius[edit]

Population figures of Vilnius by the city eldership (2021)[2]
Eldership Area
km²[29]		 Inhabitants[30] Density
per km²
Verkiai 56 50,881 909
Žirmūnai 5.7 43,880 7698
Pašilaičiai 7.9 41,218 5217
Antakalnis 77.2 40,875 530
Naujoji Vilnia 38.6 39,102 1013
Fabijoniškės 5.9 38,027 9275
Naujamiestis 4.9 33,206 6777
Lazdynai 9.9 32,410 3274
Naujininkai 37.6 31,697 843
Šeškinė 4.6 29,809 6480
Pilaitė 13.9 28,335 2038
Justiniškės 3.0 26,684 8895
Karoliniškės 3.7 25,250 6824
Senamiestis 4.4 22,411 5093
Vilkpėdė 10.8 19,519 1807
Šnipiškės 3.1 15,750 5081
Viršuliškės 2.6 14,096 5422
Žvėrynas 2.6 13,703 5270
Rasos 16.3 11,666 716
Grigiškės 7.0 11,246 1607
Paneriai 84.8 10,537 124
Undeclared inhabitants 9,123
Total 400.5 589,425 1472

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Some inhabitants of Vilnius district were registered at Vilnius city healthcare facilities – the actual number of permanent city inhabitants within the city administrative borders must have been higher than official figures of 569, 588 or 589 thousand, but smaller than 643,965 (as of 31 December 2020)[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ WAR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE, Statistics of Lithuania
  2. ^ a b c d e Statistics of Vilnius
  3. ^ Number of foreigners living in Lithuania surpasses 200,000
  4. ^ "Nuolatinių gyventojų skaičius apskrityse ir savivaldybėse metų pradžioje". osp.stat.gov.lt. Archived from the original on 2020-02-03. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Vilniaus istorija". vle.lt. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  6. ^ State Enterprise Centre of Registers of Lithuania
  7. ^ "Health Insurance Fund under the Ministry of Health". Archived from the original on 2021-01-28. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  8. ^ Inhabitants, registered at Vilnius city primary healthcare facilities
  9. ^ Vilniaus miesto darnaus judumo plano santrauka, Vilniaus planas, page 48
  10. ^ "Gyventoju skaicius pagal savivaldybes 2023" (PDF). Registrucentras.lt. 2023-01-05.
  11. ^ Juozas Jurginis; Vytautas Merkys; Adolfas Tautavičius (1968). Vilniaus miesto istorija [Vilnius city history] (in Lithuanian). Vilnius.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ^ Lexykon geograficzny, dla gruntownego poięcia gazet i historyi z różnych autorów zebrany, przetłumaczony i napisany przez x. Hilaryona Karpińskiego, Z. S. Bazylego w prowincyi litewskiey kapłana i teologa. Po śmierci iego, z przydatkiem odmian, które zaszły, z wykładem na początku terminów geograficznych, i słownikiem nazwisk łacińskich na końcu położonym, do druku podany [A geographic Lexicon, for the thorough help of newspapers and histories from various authors collected, translated and written by x. Hilaryon Karpiński, Z. S. Bazyli in the provinces and a Lithuanian priest and theologian. After the death of iego, with the advent of variations that have occurred, with a lecture at the beginning of geographical terms, and a dictionary of Latin names at the end, printed for publication] (in Polish). Vilnius. 1766. p. 602. Mieszkancow zaś dufz liczy na 60,000.
  13. ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIII [Geographical dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Slavic countries, Volume XIII] (in Polish). Warsaw. 1893. p. 493. Retrieved 10 March 2018.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  14. ^ "The Great War in Lithuania 1914–1918".
  15. ^ Pukienė, Vida. "Voronežas – lietuvių švietimo židinys Rusijoje Pirmojo pasaulinio karo metais". Istorija (in Lithuanian).[permanent dead link]
  16. ^ Iš nežinios į nežinią: Antrojo pasaulinio karo atbėgėliai Lietuvoje [From one uncertainty to another uncertainty: World War II refugees in Lithuania] (in Lithuanian). Kaunas: National M.K. Čiurlionis Art Museum. 2015. ISBN 978-9955-471-55-4.
  17. ^ "Resident population by city / town at the middle of the year". Vilnius. Statistics Department of Lithuania. 1 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  18. ^ "Resident population on 1 January". osp.stat.gov.lt. 2024-01-22.
  19. ^ Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. – Вильна [First general census of the Russian Empire in 1897 – Vilna] (in Russian).
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Srebrakowski 2000, p. 129.
  21. ^ Brensztejn 1919, p. 24.
  22. ^ "Drugi powszechny spis ludności z dn. 9.XII.1931 r. Miasto Wilno" [Second general population census of 9.12.1931. Vilnius city] (in Polish).
  23. ^ Srebrakowski 2020, p. 47.
  24. ^ Snyder, Timothy (2003). The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999. Yale University Press. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-0-300-10586-5.
  25. ^ "Gyventojai [Population]" (PDF). Statistics Department of Lithuania. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2012.
  26. ^ Lietuvos gyventojai 2011 metais (2011 m. gyventojų surašymo rezultatai / Lithuanian 2011 Population Census in Brief) [Population of Lithuania in 2011 (Population Census 2011 results)]. Statistics Department of Lithuania. ISBN 978-9955-797-17-3. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
  27. ^ "Rodiklių duomenų bazė - Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". Osp.stat.gov.lt. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  28. ^ Lietuvos Respublikos 2011 m. gyventojų surašymo rezultatai, 162-163 p.
  29. ^ Vilnius city elderships by the area
  30. ^ Vilnius elderships by the number of inhabitants

Works cited[edit]

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