Portal:Croatia

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Welcome to the Croatia Portal!
Dobro došli na hrvatski portal!

Flag of Croatia	Coat of Arms of Croatia

Croatia (/kroʊˈeɪʃə/ ^ⓘ, kroh-AY-shə; Croatian: Hrvatska, pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː]), officially the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska ), is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe. Its coast lies entirely on the Adriatic Sea. Croatia borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Italy to the west. Its capital and largest city, Zagreb, forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, with twenty counties. Other major urban centers include Split, Rijeka and Osijek. The country spans 56,594 square kilometres (21,851 square miles), and has a population of nearly 3.9 million.

The Croats arrived in modern-day Croatia in the late 6th century, then part of Roman Illyria. By the 7th century, they had organized the territory into two duchies. Croatia was first internationally recognized as independent on 7 June 879 during the reign of Duke Branimir. Tomislav became the first king by 925, elevating Croatia to the status of a kingdom. During the succession crisis after the Trpimirović dynasty ended, Croatia entered a personal union with Hungary in 1102. In 1527, faced with Ottoman conquest, the Croatian Parliament elected Ferdinand I of Austria to the Croatian throne. In October 1918, the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs, independent from Austria-Hungary, was proclaimed in Zagreb, and in December 1918, it merged into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Following the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, most of Croatia was incorporated into a Nazi-installed puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia. A resistance movement led to the creation of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, which after the war became a founding member and constituent of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. On 25 June 1991, Croatia declared independence, and the War of Independence was successfully fought over the next four years.

Croatia is a republic and a parliamentary liberal democracy. It is a member of the European Union, the Eurozone, the Schengen Area, NATO, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the OSCE, the World Trade Organization, a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean, and is currently in the process of joining the OECD. An active participant in United Nations peacekeeping, Croatia contributed troops to the International Security Assistance Force and was elected to fill a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council in the 2008–2009 term for the first time.

Croatia is a developed country with an advanced high-income economy and ranks highly in the Human Development Index. Service, industrial sectors, and agriculture dominate the economy. Tourism is a significant source of revenue for the country, with nearly 20 million tourist arrivals as of 2019. Since the 2000s, the Croatian government has heavily invested in infrastructure, especially transport routes and facilities along the Pan-European corridors. Croatia has also positioned itself as a regional energy leader in the early 2020s and is contributing to the diversification of Europe's energy supply via its floating liquefied natural gas import terminal off Krk island, LNG Hrvatska. Croatia provides social security, universal health care, and tuition-free primary and secondary education while supporting culture through public institutions and corporate investments in media and publishing. (Full article...)

Recognized content - show another

Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

Entrance to the Croatian Natural History Museum

The Croatian Natural History Museum (Croatian: Hrvatski prirodoslovni muzej) is the oldest and biggest natural history museum and the main body for natural history research, preservation and collection in Croatia. Located on Dimitrije Demeter Street in Gornji Grad, one of the oldest neighbourhoods of the Croatian capital Zagreb, it owns one of the biggest museum collections in Croatia, with over 2 million artefacts, including over 1.1 million animal specimens. It was founded in 1846 as the "National Museum". The National Museum was later split up into five museums, three of which were in 1986 merged as departments of the newly named Croatian Natural History Museum. The museum contains a large scientific library open to the public, and publishes the first Croatian natural history scientific journal, Natura Croatica.

The permanent display of the Croatian Natural History Museum consists of mineralogical, petrographical and zoological collections, as well as two permanent exhibits in the atrium: the Rock Map of Croatia and the Geological Pole. It is home to the remains of the Neanderthal from Krapina. As of 2021, the museum is closed pending the completion of reconstruction following the 2020 Zagreb earthquake. (Full article...)

List of recognized articles

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that during the production of Serious Sam: The First Encounter, all of its developers were conscripted into the Croatian military?
... that Tin Srbić was the first Croatian to win a gold medal at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships?
... that Lovro Šitović, a 17th-century Croatian Franciscan friar who wrote a Latin grammar, was a convert from Islam?
... that you can watch frogs playing poker in Split, Croatia?
... that ownership of the sail training ship Jadran is disputed between Croatia and Montenegro?

General images

The following are images from various Croatia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Cathedral of St Stephen in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, the 14th century interior (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 2Pelješac Bridge in June 2022. (from History of Croatia)
Image 3The climax of Hasan Pasha's Great Offensive was third Battle of Sisak on 22 June 1593. The battle is depicted here by Johann Weikhard von Valvasor. (from History of Croatia)
Image 4Two parts of the Triune Kingdom: Croatia-Slavonia (number 17) and Dalmatia (number 5) within Austria-Hungary (from History of Croatia)
Image 5Cremeschnitte of Samobor (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 6Clockwise from top left: The central street of Dubrovnik, the Stradun, in ruins during the Siege of Dubrovnik; the damaged Vukovar water tower, a symbol of the early conflict, flying the Croatian tricolor; soldiers of the Croatian Army getting ready to destroy a Serbian tank; the Vukovar Memorial Cemetery; a Serbian T-55 tank destroyed on the road to Drniš (from History of Croatia)
Image 7Proclamation of severing ties with Austria-Hungary in front of Croatian Sabor in 1918. (from History of Croatia)
Image 8Vineyard in Hrvatsko Zagorje. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 9Dubrovnik is one of Croatia's most popular tourist destinations. (from Croatia)
Image 10A tower on top of Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT) building in Zagreb neighbourhood of Prisavlje. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 11Fans on Poljud stadium during Croatia's biggest football derby between Hajduk Split and Dinamo Zagreb. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 12Croatia national football team came in second at the 2018 World Cup in Russia. (from Croatia)
Image 13The Law Code of Vinodol from 1288, written in Glagolitic script, is the earliest legal text written in the Croatian language. This code regulated relations between inhabitants of the town of Vinodol and their overlords, the counts of Krk. (from History of Croatia)
Image 14Bora is a dry, cold wind which blows from the mainland out to sea, whose gusts can reach hurricane strength, particularly in the channel below Velebit. On the picture Bora in the town of Senj. (from Croatia)
Image 15A map of the Istrian peninsula from the Roman map Tabula Peutingeriana, made sometime in the 4th century (from History of Croatia)
Image 16Ban Josip Jelačić at the opening of the first Croatian civic Parliament (Sabor) whose deputies were elected on 5 June 1848. In earlier Sabors, members represented feudal estates rather than citizens. The Croatian tricolor flag can also be seen in the background. Dragutin Weingärtner, 1885. (from History of Croatia)
Image 17Tounj bridge on Jozephina road (from History of Croatia)
Image 18Marko Marulić (18 August 1450 – 5 January 1524), Croatian poet, lawyer, judge, and Renaissance humanist who coined the term "psychology". He is the national poet of Croatia. (from Croatia)
Image 19Varaždin, capital of Croatia between 1767 and 1776, is the seat of Varaždin county; Pictured: Old Town fortress, one of 15 Croatia's sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage tentative list (from Croatia)
Image 20Kingdom of Croatia c. 925, during the reign of King Tomislav (from Croatia)
Image 21A man wearing Lika cap. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 22A visit of Austro-Hungarian emperor Franz Joseph to Zagreb in 1895, where he officially opened the Croatian National Theatre building. (from History of Croatia)
Image 23Klis Fortress in the hinterland of town of Split was one of the places that saw action during the First Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1242. (from History of Croatia)
Image 24Vučedol dove - the most famous piece of bronze age Vučedol culture. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 25Zlatni Rat beach on the Island of Brač is one of the foremost spots of tourism in Croatia. (from Croatia)
Image 26The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within Austria-Hungary created in 1868 following the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement. (from Croatia)
Image 27Architecture of Old Town in Dubrovnik (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 28Dinara Nature Park, second largest Croatian nature park (the largest is the Velebit Nature Park) (from Croatia)
Image 29Pula Film Festival is held each year during summer. Its main stage is Roman amphitheatre in Pula. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 30Plitvice Lakes, IUCN Category II (National Park) (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 31Portal of the Trogir cathedral by sculptor Radovan, c. 1240 (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 32Cardinal Aloysius Stepinac with the Croatian communist leader Vladimir Bakarić at the celebration of May Day, shortly before Stepinac was arrested and convicted by the communists, he became a symbol of resistance to the communist regime in Yugoslavia. (from Croatia)
Image 33Telašćica Nature Park is one of 444 protected areas. (from Croatia)
Image 34Sinjska alka (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 35Traditional Croatian musicians playing violins (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 36Croatia is one of the most successful water polo nations. National water polo team has won three world championships, Melbourne 2007, Budapest 2017 and Doha 2024. (from Croatia)
Image 37Poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia, Ante Pavelić, shakes hands with Adolf Hitler in 1941. (from History of Croatia)
Image 38Late 9th century Church of Holy Salvation, built at the time of duke Branimir of Croatia. (from History of Croatia)
Image 39"Remnants of the Remnants" (Reliquiae Reliquiarum), shown on this map in yellow, represent the territory under the jurisdiction of Croatian-Slavonian Sabor at the height of the Ottoman advance (from History of Croatia)
Image 40National Memorial Cemetery of The Victims of Homeland War in Vukovar, the central place of holding the National Remembrance Day, public holiday on November 18, for all the victims of the war in Croatia and the Vukovar massacre, one of the symbolic and crucial events in the Croatian War of Independence 1991. (from Croatia)
Image 41Radio Zagreb, now a part of Croatian Radiotelevision, was the first public radio station in Southeast Europe. (from Croatia)
Image 42Arena Zagreb. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 43Skywalk in Biokovo Nature Park (from Croatia)
Image 44A chair designed by Bernardo Bernardi in 1956. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 45Self-portrait with Dog (Autoportret sa psom) by Miroslav Kraljević (1910) Modern Gallery, Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 46The assassination of Croatian MPs in the National Assembly in Belgrade was one of the events which greatly damaged relations between Serbs and Croats in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. (from History of Croatia)
Image 47Flag of the Independent State of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 48One of the seats of 14th-century magnate Paul Šubić, in Bribir. Paul held the hereditary titles of the Ban of Croatia and Lord of Bosnia. Croatian historians sometimes refer to Paul as "the uncrowned king of Croatia". (from History of Croatia)
Image 49Coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 50Fascist leaders of Nazi Germany and its puppet state Independent State of Croatia, Adolf Hitler and Ante Pavelić, meeting in Berghof outside Berchtesgaden, Germany, 1941 (from Croatia)
Image 51Croatian borders similar to those established with the Peace of Karlowitz in 1699. Although the peace treaty meant relief from Ottoman pressure, Croatia lost the compactness of its territory. (from History of Croatia)
Image 52Šibenik Cathedral, since 2000 on the UNESCO World Heritage List (from Croatia)
Image 53University Hospital Centre Zagreb is the largest hospital in Croatia and the teaching hospital of the University of Zagreb. (from Croatia)
Image 54A map of 10th-century Croatian counties (županije), as they were mentioned in De Administrando Imperio. The counties marked in blue, represent the territories governed by the Croatian Ban. (from History of Croatia)
Image 55Ban Josip Jelačić at the opening of the first modern Croatian Parliament (Sabor), June 5, 1848. The Croatian tricolour flag can be seen in the background. (from Croatia)
Image 56The flag of Croatia was hoisted together with the flag of Europe on the building of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs in Zagreb as a symbol of Croatia's membership in both the Council of Europe and the European Union (from History of Croatia)
Image 57On January 1, 2023, Croatia replaced the kuna as its national currency and adopted the euro, on the same day Croatia became part of the Schengen zone. (from Croatia)
Image 58Portrait of a Roman woman, found in Solin (Salona), Croatia. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 59The Baška tablet is the oldest Glagolitic monument in Croatia. It documents the donation of land gifted by Croatian King Dmitar Zvonimir to the Benedictine monastery of St Lucy. (from Croatia)
Image 60Pluteus with the figure of king from 11th century, found in Hollow Church in Solin is thought to most likely depict a King of Croatia, probably Petar Krešimir IV or Demetrius Zvonimir. Above the sculpture, Croatian interlace can also be seen, which is a common feature of Croatian pre-romanesque art. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 61A border marking of Illyrian Provinces on Sava river shores in modern-day Zagreb. (from History of Croatia)
Image 62Savka Dabčević-Kučar, Croatian Spring participant; Europe's first female prime minister (from History of Croatia)
Image 63The woodcut by Leonhard Beck, from c. 1515, depicts the Battle of Krbava Field between the Army of Croatian nobility and Ottoman akinjis. (from History of Croatia)
Image 64Coronation of King Tomislav by Oton Iveković (from Croatia)
Image 65Franjo Tuđman, the 1st president of the modern independent Republic of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 66Croatia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (from History of Croatia)
Image 67Croatians in a caffe bar on Petar Preradović Square, also known as "Flowers Square" (Cvjetni trg), in Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 68Ozalj Castle - one of Zrinski-Frankopan conspirators center and a center of Ozalj literary-linguistic circle which produced Croatian baroque literature such as: Putni tovaruš, Gazophylacium or Gartlic za čas kratiti. (from History of Croatia)
Image 69Baška Tablet (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 70Novigrad Castle, near Zadar was a place where anti-court supporters held queens Mary and Elizabeth in captivity. Velebit mountain can be seen in castle's background. (from History of Croatia)
Image 71Croatian musical diva Josipa Lisac. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 72The Split pluteus with the figure of a king, dating from the 11th century. It is hypothesized to depict a Croatian king, probably Petar Krešimir IV or Zvonimir. It was originally situated in Hollow Church. (from History of Croatia)
Image 73Historic centre of Trogir has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Site since 1997. (from Croatia)
Image 74Highway network in Croatia (from Croatia)
Image 75Satellite image of Croatia (from Croatia)
Image 76The 1835 issue of the magazine Danicza, with lyrics of what would later become the Croatian national anthem "Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland"). (from History of Croatia)
Image 77A 16th century depiction of Vrana monastery, seat of John of Palisna. (from History of Croatia)
Image 78People of Zagreb celebrating liberation on 12 May 1945 by Croatian Partisans (from Croatia)
Image 79University of Zadar, 1396, Croatia's oldest university (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 80Josip Broz Tito led Yugoslavia from 1944 to 1980; Pictured: Tito with the US president Richard Nixon in the White House, 1971 (from Croatia)
Image 81President Zoran Milanović on NATO summit on 11 July 2023, Vilnius, Lithuania. The accession of Croatia to NATO took place in 2009. (from Croatia)
Image 82Interior of the Croatian National Theatre, Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 83Croatian writer Ivana Brlić - Mažuranić most known for her popular children's novel The Marvellous Adventures of Lapich the Apprentice (Croatian: Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića) (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 84Iapodic headwear and other material culture from Gacka valley, Croatia. (from History of Croatia)
Image 85Croatia became the 28th EU member country on 1 July 2013. (from Croatia)

Selected biography - show another

Modrić in 2021

Luka Modrić (Croatian pronunciation: [lûːka mǒːdritɕ]; born 9 September 1985) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for La Liga club Real Madrid and captains the Croatia national team. He plays mainly as a central midfielder, but can also play as an attacking midfielder or as a defensive midfielder. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest midfielders of all time, and as the greatest Croatian footballer ever.

Modrić began his professional career with Croatian club Dinamo Zagreb in 2003 before spells on loan to Bosnian side Zrinjski Mostar and Croatian side Inter Zaprešić. He made his debut for Dinamo in 2005 and his performances earned him a move to Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur in 2008, where he led them to UEFA Champions League qualification in 2010, their first in almost 50 years. In the summer of 2012, Modrić joined Real Madrid for a £30 million transfer fee. In his second season, he won the 2013–14 Champions League title, being selected for that season's squad of the season. After Zinedine Zidane took over Madrid in 2016, Modrić was a key member of the club's three consecutive Champions League titles from 2015–16 to 2017–18, each time being voted into the squad of the season. In total, he has won 25 major trophies at Madrid, including five UEFA Champions League titles, four La Liga titles, and two Copa del Rey titles. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies
Juan Bielovucic Zdenko Blažeković Mladen Lorković Matthias Corvinus Nikola Tesla Vedran Ćorluka Ivo Josipović Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović Lisa Nemec Jasna Omejec Sandra Perković Josip Jelačić

Selected geography article - show another

Clockwise from top: Dubrovnik Old Town, Rector's Palace, Dubrovnik Cathedral, Stradun, Walls of Dubrovnik, Sponza Palace

Dubrovnik (UK: /d(j)ʊˈbrɒvnɪk/ dyuu-BROV-nik, US: /duːˈ-/ doo-, Croatian: [dǔbroːʋniːk] ^ⓘ), historically known as Ragusa (Italian: [raˈɡuːza] ^ⓘ; see notes on naming), is a city in southern Dalmatia, Croatia, by the Adriatic Sea. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean, a seaport and the centre of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Its total population is 41,562 (2021 census). In 1979, the city of Dubrovnik was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in recognition of its outstanding medieval architecture and fortified old town.

The history of the city probably dates back to the 7th century, when the town known as Ragusa was founded by refugees from Epidaurum (Ragusa Vecchia). It was under the protection of the Byzantine Empire and later under the sovereignty of the Republic of Venice. Between the 14th and 19th centuries, Dubrovnik ruled itself as a free state. The prosperity of the city was historically based on maritime trade; as the capital of the maritime Republic of Ragusa, it achieved a high level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16th centuries, as it became notable for its wealth and skilled diplomacy. At the same time, Dubrovnik became a cradle of Croatian literature. In his letter to Nikola Nalješković (1564), poet Ivan Vidalić named it "crown of Croatian cities". (Full article...)

List of selected geography articles
D21 road (Croatia) A1 (Croatia) List of inhabited islands of Croatia Slavonia Zaprešić Sava Croatian Littoral Grič Tunnel (Zagreb)

More did you know - show another

...that 9th century Church of the Holy Cross in Nin is considered to be the smallest cathedral in the world?

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Motovun is a town in central Istria, Croatia. It is situated on a hill 270 meters above sea level. On top of a Motovun hill is probably the most beautiful medieval town in Istria, with houses scattered all over the hill. It is a typical example of Venetian colonial architecture.

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