User:7myles7/Effigy mound
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An effigy mound is a raised pile of earth built in the shape of a stylized animal, symbol, religious figure, human, or other figure. The Effigy Moundbuilder culture is primarily associated with the years 550-1200 CE during the Late Woodland Period, although radiocarbon dating has placed the origin of certain mounds as far back as 320 BCE.[1][2]
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Over 3200 animal-shaped effigy mounds have been identified by the Wisconsin Historical Society in the upper midwest.[3]
Common Shapes[edit]
Common shapes for effigy mounds include birds, bear, deer, bison, lynx, panther, turtles, and water spirits. These are somewhat arbitrary names given to the mound shapes by archaeologists who were simply looking for words that would help them classify the mounds. These shapes were most likely chosen for their particular religious or spiritual significance. The earliest mounds are 'conical'; they are essentially bumps of earth - the simplest and arguably the most intuitive kind of burial. Successive conicals likely evolved into linear mounds. Bird mounds likely came next as modifying a linear mound to make a bird mound required only the addition of a head and a tail. From there many different animal forms emerged. These often expressed a kind of abstract elongation.
References[edit]
- ^ Ferry, Mailing Address: 151 Hwy 76 Harpers; Us, IA 52146 Phone: 563 873-3491 x123 Visitor Center front desk Contact. "Effigy Moundbuilders - Effigy Mounds National Monument (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Romain, William F.; Herrmann, Edward W.; Monaghan, G. William; Burks, Jarrod (2017). "Radiocarbon Dates Reveal Serpent Mound Is More than Two Thousand Years Old". Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology. 42 (3): 201–222. ISSN 0146-1109.
- ^ Lepper, Bradley T; Boszhardt, Robert F; Duncan, James R; Diaz-Granados, Carol (2022-01). "Effigy mounds and rock art of midcontinental North America: Shared iconography, shared stories". North American Archaeologist. 43 (1): 3–48. doi:10.1177/0197693121996728. ISSN 0197-6931.
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