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Free Movement of New Women (MAKIBAKA)
Malayang Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan
FoundedApril 18, 1970 (1970-04-18)[1]
IdeologyMarxist feminism
National Democracy
Left-wing nationalism
Communism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Mother partyCommunist Party of the Philippines

Malayang Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan (Tagalog, "Free Movement of New Women"), also known by the abbreviation MAKIBAKA (Tagalog, "to struggle" or "to fight"), is an underground women's mass organization in the Philippines which was founded in 1970 by Maria Lorena Barros.

It is a member organization of the National Democratic Front of the Philippines.


History[edit]

Kabataang Makabayan originated from the Students' Cultural Association of UP (SCAUP) in the University of the Philippines and was initially organized as the youth arm of the Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930 by Jose Maria Sison, Nilo Tayag and others.[2][3][4] Sison envisioned the youth group as revolutionaries who would establish a country led by the working class instead of oligarchic politicians. It was established on November 30, 1964, Bonifacio Day, to emphasize the continuity of Andres Bonifacio's 1896 Philippine Revolution.[5] Nationalist Senator Lorenzo Tañada gave the closing speech at the KM's first national congress and was a consultant and honorary member.[4]

When Sison re-established the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) in 1968 as a consequence of the First Great Rectification Movement, the New People's Army (NPA) was organized as its military wing; Kabataang Makabayan then became the CPP's youth arm.[6] It was also one of the groups that established the National Democratic Front of the Philippines.[5]

First Quarter Storm[edit]

Main article: First Quarter Storm

Kabataang Makabayan was at the forefront of the First Quarter Storm, a period of civic unrest in the Philippines consisting of a series of violent demonstrations, protests, and marches against the government of Ferdinand Marcos from January until March 1970. The protests and subsequent violence they inspired collectively became a major factor that led to the declaration of Martial Law in 1972.[6]

Philippine government sources estimate that Kabataang Makabayan had 10,000–30,000 members at the height of its strength.[7][8]

Notable members[edit]

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ XXX, XXX (XXX). [XXX "XXX"]. Retrieved XXX. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)
  2. ^ Strauss, Julia C.; O'Brien, Donal Cruise (2007). Staging Politics: Power and Performance in Asia and Africa. I.B. Tauris. p. 220. ISBN 978-1-84511-367-4.
  3. ^ Timberman, David G. (1991). A Changeless Land: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 60. ISBN 9813035862.
  4. ^ a b "Kabataang Makabayan Handbook 1964 (First National Congress, 30 Nov 1964)". Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  5. ^ a b Palatino, Mong (August 5, 2015). "What Millennials Should Know About the Kabataang Makabayan". Manila Today. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference pastor was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "APPENDIX: A History of the Philippine Political Protest". Government of the Philippines. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  8. ^ "Proclamation No. 1081, s. 1972". Government of the Philippines. Retrieved November 25, 2017.

Category:History of the Philippines (1965–1986) Category:Communist militant groups Category:Clandestine groups Category:National Democratic Front of the Philippines

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