User:Mr. Ibrahem/Testicular pain
| Testicle pain | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Scrotal pain, orchialgia, genital pain |
 | |
| 1 - 6: Epididymis 7: Vas deferens | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Types | Acute, chronic[1][2] |
| Diagnostic method | Ultrasound, urine tests, blood tests[1][2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Acute: Epididymitis, testicular torsion, orchitis, varicocele, inguinal hernia, kidney stones, iliac artery aneurysm, testicular cancer, Fournier gangrene[1] Chronic: Varicocele, spermatocele, Henoch–Schönlein purpura, post-vasectomy pain syndrome, chronic pelvic pain syndrome[2] |
Testicular pain, also known as scrotal pain, is when one or both testicles or scrotum hurts.[3] Testicular pain may be of sudden onset or of long duration.[1][2] Often swelling is also present.[4] Long term pain is associated with depression, chronic prostatitis, infertility, and drug misuse.[2]
Causes of sudden onset include injury, epididymitis, testicular torsion, orchitis, varicocele, inguinal hernia, kidney stones, iliac artery aneurysm, testicular cancer, and Fournier gangrene.[1] Causes of chronic pain may include spermatocele, varicocele, post-vasectomy pain syndrome, vasculitis, interstitial cystitis, osteitis pubis, post hernia surgery nerve entrapment, side effect of amiodarone, and chronic pelvic pain syndrome.[2] Diagnosis may be supported by ultrasound, urine tests, and blood tests.[1][2] A CT scan of the abdomen may be useful in certain cases.[2]
Pain management is typically given with definitive treatment depending on the underlying cause.[2] Complaints related to the genital and urinary tract make up between 0.5% and 2.5% of emergency visits.[1] Long term pain effects about 100,000 people in the United States.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g Boniface, Michael (16 Dec 2018). "Acute Scrotum Pain". StatPearls. PMID 29262236.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Leslie, Stephen (2 May 2019). "Chronic Testicular Pain (Orchialgia)". StatPearls. PMID 29494088.
- ^ Jenkins, Jon L.; Braen, G. Richard (2005). Manual of Emergency Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 313. ISBN 978-0-7817-5035-6. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ^ Collins, R. Douglas (2003). Algorithmic Diagnosis of Symptoms and Signs: A Cost-effective Approach. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 464. ISBN 978-0-7817-3805-7. Retrieved 19 October 2020.